{"id":10452,"date":"2025-04-10T16:02:00","date_gmt":"2025-04-10T20:02:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/philip-goff-exploring-consciousness-and-non-ordinary-religion-galileos-error-panpsychism-heretical-ideas-and-therapeutic-belief-805\/"},"modified":"2025-04-10T16:02:00","modified_gmt":"2025-04-10T20:02:00","slug":"philip-goff-exploring-consciousness-and-non-ordinary-religion-galileos-error-panpsychism-heretical-ideas-and-therapeutic-belief-805","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/philip-goff-exploring-consciousness-and-non-ordinary-religion-galileos-error-panpsychism-heretical-ideas-and-therapeutic-belief-805\/","title":{"rendered":"Philip Goff \u2014 Exploring Consciousness and Non-Ordinary Religion, Galileo&#8217;s Error, Panpsychism, Heretical Ideas, and Therapeutic Belief (#805)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/hop.clickbank.net\/?affiliate=infohatch&amp;vendor=J1R2C\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10614 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/profit-gen400px.png\" alt=\"Profit Gen\" width=\"400\" height=\"217\" srcset=\"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/profit-gen400px.png 400w, http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/profit-gen400px-300x163.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">\n<p>\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Exploring Consciousness and Non-Ordinary Religion, Panpsychism, and Heretical Ideas \u2014 Philip Goff\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Rn0IT25cRhs?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/p>\n<\/figure>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>\u201cPanpsychism is the view that consciousness goes all the way down to the fundamental building blocks of reality.\u201d<\/strong><br \/>\u2014\u00a0Philip Goff<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Philip Goff <\/strong>(<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/Philip_Goff\">@Philip_Goff<\/a>)<strong> <\/strong>is a professor of philosophy at Durham University. His main research focus is consciousness, but he is interested in many questions about the nature of reality. He is most known for defending panpsychism, the view that consciousness is a fundamental and ubiquitous feature of the physical world. Fifteen years ago, panpsychism was laughed at, if it was thought of at all. Goff has led a movement that has made panpsychism a mainstream position, taught to undergraduates and widely discussed in academic journals.<\/p>\n<p>Goff is the author of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Galileos-Error-Foundations-Science-Consciousness\/dp\/0525564772\/?tag=offsitoftimfe-20\"><strong><em>Galileo\u2019s Error: Foundations for a New Science of Consciousness<\/em><\/strong><\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/dp\/0198883765\/?tag=offsitoftimfe-20\"><strong><em>Why? The Purpose of the Universe<\/em><\/strong><\/a>. He has published 50 academic articles and has written extensively for newspapers and magazines, including <em>Scientific American<\/em>, <em>The Wall Street Journal<\/em>, <em>The Guardian<\/em>, <em>Aeon<\/em> and the <em>Times Literary Supplement<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Please enjoy!<\/p>\n<p><strong>Listen to the episode on\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/podcasts.apple.com\/us\/podcast\/805-philip-goff-exploring-consciousness-and-non\/id863897795?i=1000702893267\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Apple Podcasts<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/open.spotify.com\/episode\/2wuohPooXW4ZHTrKiuuKSv?si=yCX5IPVmRGCldnLoB1dCWQ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Spotify<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/overcast.fm\/+AAKebv6AvCM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Overcast<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/podcastaddict.com\/podcast\/2031148#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Podcast Addict<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pca.st\/timferriss\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pocket Casts<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/castbox.fm\/channel\/id1059468?country=us\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Castbox<\/a>,\u00a0<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/music.youtube.com\/playlist?list=PLuu6fDad2eJyWPm9dQfuorm2uuYHBZDCB\">YouTube Music<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/music.amazon.com\/podcasts\/9814f3cc-1dc5-4003-b816-44a8eb6bf666\/the-tim-ferriss-show\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Amazon Music<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.audible.com\/podcast\/The-Tim-Ferriss-Show\/B08K58QX5W\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Audible<\/a>, or on your favorite podcast platform. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>This episode is brought to you by<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/fromourplace.com\/tim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Our Place\u2019s Titanium Always Pan\u00ae Pro<\/strong><\/a><strong>\u00a0using nonstick technology that\u2019s coating-free and made without PFAS, otherwise known as \u201cForever Chemicals\u201d;<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/drinkag1.com\/tim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>AG1<\/strong><\/a><strong>\u00a0all-in-one nutritional supplement; and<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/helixsleep.com\/tim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Helix Sleep<\/strong><\/a><strong>\u00a0premium mattresses. <\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-tim-podcast-link-main podcast-block wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><a class=\"podcast-block__link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/podcasts.apple.com\/us\/podcast\/805-philip-goff-exploring-consciousness-and-non\/id863897795?i=1000702893267\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"podcast-block__link-icon\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tim.blog\/wp-content\/themes\/timferriss\/inc\/blocks\/podcast-link\/images\/apple-podcast.png?w=600&amp;ssl=1\"\/><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tim.blog\/wp-content\/themes\/timferriss\/inc\/blocks\/podcast-link\/images\/apple-podcast.png?w=600&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"podcast-block__link-icon\"\/><\/noscript><span class=\"podcast-block__link-text-top\">Listen on<\/span><span class=\"podcast-block__link-text\">Apple Podcasts<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-tim-podcast-link-main podcast-block wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><a class=\"podcast-block__link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/open.spotify.com\/episode\/2wuohPooXW4ZHTrKiuuKSv?si=yCX5IPVmRGCldnLoB1dCWQ\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"167\" height=\"167\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"podcast-block__link-icon\" src=\"https:\/\/tim.blog\/wp-content\/themes\/timferriss\/inc\/blocks\/podcast-link\/images\/spotify.svg\"\/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"167\" height=\"167\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tim.blog\/wp-content\/themes\/timferriss\/inc\/blocks\/podcast-link\/images\/spotify.svg\" class=\"podcast-block__link-icon\"\/><\/noscript><span class=\"podcast-block__link-text-top\">Listen on<\/span><span class=\"podcast-block__link-text\">Spotify<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-tim-podcast-link-main podcast-block wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><a class=\"podcast-block__link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/overcast.fm\/+AAKebv6AvCM\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1000\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"podcast-block__link-icon\" src=\"https:\/\/tim.blog\/wp-content\/themes\/timferriss\/inc\/blocks\/podcast-link\/images\/overcast.svg\"\/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1000\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tim.blog\/wp-content\/themes\/timferriss\/inc\/blocks\/podcast-link\/images\/overcast.svg\" class=\"podcast-block__link-icon\"\/><\/noscript><span class=\"podcast-block__link-text-top\">Listen on<\/span><span class=\"podcast-block__link-text\">Overcast<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"podcast-player\">\n<div class=\"podcast-player-inner-wrap\">\n<p>Philip Goff \u2014 Exploring Consciousness and Non-Ordinary Religion, Galileo&#8217;s Error, Panpsychism, Heretical Ideas, and Therapeutic Belief<\/p>\n<p><noscript><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.art19.com\/shows\/58dacbdc-646e-4585-9914-19c3de11d1ba\/episodes\/fdaf6792-7b2c-4e0c-bf7f-d306b7527ab4\/embed?type=micro\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 30px; border: 0 none;\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/noscript><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>This episode is brought to you by <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/drinkag1.com\/tim\">AG1<\/a>!<\/strong> I get asked all the time, \u201cIf you could use only one supplement, what would it be?\u201d My answer is usually\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/drinkag1.com\/tim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">AG1<\/a>, my all-in-one nutritional insurance. I recommended it in\u00a0<em>The 4-Hour Body<\/em>\u00a0in 2010 and did not get paid to do so. I do my best with nutrient-dense meals, of course, but\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/drinkag1.com\/tim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">AG1<\/a>\u00a0further covers my bases with vitamins, minerals, and whole-food-sourced micronutrients that support gut health and the immune system.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>Right now,\u00a0you\u2019ll get a 1-year supply of Vitamin D free with your first subscription purchase<\/strong>\u2014a vital nutrient for a strong immune system and strong bones.\u00a0<strong>Visit\u00a0<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/drinkag1.com\/tim\">DrinkAG1.com\/Tim<\/a>\u00a0to claim this special offer today and receive your 1-year supply of Vitamin D (and 5 free AG1 travel packs) with your first subscription purchase!\u00a0<\/strong>That\u2019s up to a one-year supply of Vitamin D as added value when you try their delicious and comprehensive daily, foundational nutrition supplement that supports whole-body health. <\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n<p><strong>This episode is brought to you by <a href=\"https:\/\/fromourplace.com\/tim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Our Place\u2019s Titanium Always Pan\u00ae Pro<\/a>. <\/strong>Many nonstick pans can release harmful \u201cforever chemicals\u201d\u2014PFAS\u2014into your food, your home, and, ultimately, your body. Teflon is a prime example\u2014it *is* the forever chemical that most companies are still using. Exposure to PFAS has been linked to major health issues like gut microbiome disruption, testosterone dysregulation, and more, which have been correlated to chronic disease in the long term. <strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/fromourplace.com\/tim\">This is why I use the Titanium Always Pan Pro from today\u2019s sponsor, Our Place.<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong> It\u2019s the first nonstick pan with zero coating. This means zero \u201cforever chemicals\u201d and a durability that will last a lifetime. That\u2019s right\u2014no degradation over time like traditional nonstick pans.<\/p>\n<p>This pan combines the best qualities of stainless steel, cast iron, and nonstick into one product. It\u2019s tough enough to withstand the dishwasher, open flame, heavy-duty scrubbing\u2014even metal utensils\u2014without losing any of its non-stick properties. <strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/fromourplace.com\/tim\">Go to FromOurPlace.com\/Tim and use code TIM to get 10% off sitewide.<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n<p><strong>This episode is brought to you by\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/helixsleep.com\/tim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Helix Sleep<\/strong><\/a>!\u00a0<\/strong>Helix was selected as the best overall mattress of 2024 by\u00a0<em>Forbes,<\/em> <em>Fortune<\/em>, and <em>Wired<\/em> magazines and many others. With\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/helixsleep.com\/tim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Helix<\/a>, there\u2019s a specific mattress to meet each and every body\u2019s unique comfort needs. Just take their quiz\u2014<a href=\"http:\/\/helixsleep.com\/tim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">only two minutes to complete<\/a>\u2014that matches your body type and sleep preferences to the perfect mattress for you. They have a 10-year warranty, and you get to try it out for a hundred nights, risk-free. They\u2019ll even pick it up from you if you don\u2019t love it.\u00a0<strong>And now, Helix is offering between 20% and 27% off all mattress orders at\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/helixsleep.com\/tim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">HelixSleep.com\/Tim<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n<p><strong>Want to hear how writer and producer <a href=\"https:\/\/tim.blog\/2022\/01\/19\/michael-schur\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Michael Schur<\/a> brought philosophy to prime time with his critically acclaimed NBC comedy <em>The Good Place<\/em>?<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/tim.blog\/2022\/01\/19\/michael-schur\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Listen to our conversation here<\/a> in which we discuss how performing live comedy is like Roman gladiator combat, the F = ma of sitcom writing, rare book collecting, what qualifies the legitimacy of a philosopher, two philosophers Michael would choose to have on speed dial for his own personal instruction, worthwhile failures, why we should all strive to better understand ethics, <a href=\"https:\/\/tim.blog\/2022\/01\/19\/michael-schur\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">and much more<\/a>.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">\n<p>\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Michael Schur \u2014 Lessons from &quot;The Office&quot; and SNL, Moral Philosophy, Storytelling, and More\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/EU-TxA3S8Mk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/p>\n<\/figure>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n<p><strong>What was your favorite quote or lesson from this episode? Please let me know <a href=\"https:\/\/tim.blog\/2025\/04\/10\/philip-goff-exploring-consciousness\/#respond\">in the comments<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"more-109251\"\/><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">SELECTED LINKS FROM THE EPISODE<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Connect with <strong>Philip Goff<\/strong>:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.philipgoffphilosophy.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Website<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/MindChat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mind Chat (Podcast)<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/Philip_Goff\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Twitter<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/bsky.app\/profile\/philipgoff.bsky.social\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Bluesky<\/a><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Books, Publications, and Written Works<\/h3>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">People<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gareth_Cook\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Gareth Cook<\/a>: Pulitzer Prize-winning author who interviewed Philip for Scientific American.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/annakaharris.com\/about\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Annaka Harris<\/a>: Author, friend of Philip, sympathetic to Panpsychism.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roger_Penrose\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Roger Penrose<\/a>: Nobel Prize-winning physicist, proponent of quantum consciousness theories.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stuart_Hameroff\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Stuart Hameroff<\/a>: Scientist who collaborated with Penrose on consciousness theories.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/goedel\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Kurt G\u00f6del<\/a>: Logician known for incompleteness theorems.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Christof_Koch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Christof Koch<\/a>: Neuroscientist involved in consciousness research, made a bet with Chalmers, associated with IIT.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/David_Chalmers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">David Chalmers<\/a>: Philosopher known for work on consciousness, made a bet with Koch, proponent of Panpsychism, author of <em>Reality+<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Giulio_Tononi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Giulio Tononi<\/a>: Neuroscientist, key figure in Integrated Information Theory \u2014 IIT.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Max_Planck\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Max Planck<\/a>: Physicist, father of quantum theory, quoted on consciousness being fundamental.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Galileo_Galilei\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Galileo Galilei<\/a>: Scientist pivotal in the scientific revolution, discussed for separating consciousness from physical science.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/mcb.berkeley.edu\/labs2\/presti\/content\/biosketch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">David Presti<\/a>: Neuroscientist at UC Berkeley, editor of <em>Mind Beyond Brain<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/tim.blog\/2018\/05\/31\/steve-jurvetson\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Steve Jurvetson<\/a>: Venture capitalist discussed regarding quantum computing (Tim Ferriss Show #317).<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/russell\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Bertrand Russell<\/a>: Philosopher and logician, key influence on Philip, proponent of ideas foundational to modern Panpsychism, author of <em>Why I Am Not a Christian<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Charles_Darwin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Charles Darwin<\/a>: Biologist, used as a comparison for Russell\u2019s impact.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arthur_Eddington\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Arthur Eddington<\/a>: Scientist who confirmed Einstein\u2019s theory, worked on consciousness\/Panpsychism with Russell.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Albert_Einstein\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Albert Einstein<\/a>: Physicist, creator of the theory of general relativity.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/newton\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Isaac Newton<\/a>: Physicist whose theory of gravity was updated by Einstein.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stephen_Hawking\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Stephen Hawking<\/a>: Physicist, author of <em>A Brief History of Time<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/james\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">William James<\/a>: Philosopher and psychologist, major influence on Philip, known for <em>Varieties of Religious Experience<\/em> and <em>The Will to Believe<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Karen_Armstrong\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Karen Armstrong<\/a>: Historian of religion, author of <em>The Case for God<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/meister-eckhart\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Meister Eckhart<\/a>: Christian mystic.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reasonablefaith.org\/william-lane-craig\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">William Lane Craig<\/a>: Christian philosopher and apologist debated by Philip.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dale_Allison\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Dale Allison<\/a>: Biblical scholar known for work on the resurrection.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jesus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Jesus<\/a>: Central figure of Christianity, also referred to as Yeshua.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tom_Holland_(author)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Tom Holland<\/a>: Historian, author of <em>Dominion<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/William_Shakespeare\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">William Shakespeare<\/a>: Playwright.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/All%27s_Well_That_Ends_Well\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Bertram<\/a>: Character in Shakespeare\u2019s <em>All\u2019s Well That Ends Well<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/All%27s_Well_That_Ends_Well\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Helena<\/a>: Character in Shakespeare\u2019s <em>All\u2019s Well That Ends Well<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Origen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Origen<\/a>: Early Christian theologian known for allegorical interpretation.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/aquinas\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Thomas Aquinas<\/a>: Philosopher and theologian, mentioned as initially radical.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Francis_of_Assisi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">St. Francis of Assisi<\/a>: Christian saint associated with mysticism and nature.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thomas_Merton\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Thomas Merton<\/a>: Trappist monk and mystic writer.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/brianmuraresku.com\/author\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Brian Muraresku<\/a>: Author of <em>The Immortality Key<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bart_D._Ehrman\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Bart Ehrman<\/a>: Atheist Bible scholar mentioned regarding early Christian experiences.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saint_Peter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">St. Peter<\/a>: Apostle of Jesus mentioned regarding resurrection experiences.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mary_Magdalene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mary Magdalene<\/a>: Follower of Jesus mentioned regarding resurrection experiences.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thomas_Nagel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Thomas Nagel<\/a>: Philosopher, author of <em>Mind and Cosmos<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/richarddawkins.net\/richarddawkins\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Richard Dawkins<\/a>: Biologist and prominent atheist.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nickbostrom.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Nick Bostrom<\/a>: Philosopher known for the simulation hypothesis.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_Hawthorne\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">John Hawthorne<\/a>: Philosopher mentioned for work on teleological laws.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/philosophy.nd.edu\/assets\/344320\/fullsize\/daniel_nolan.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Daniel Nolan<\/a>: Philosopher mentioned for work on teleological laws.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Blaise_Pascal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Blaise Pascal<\/a>: Mathematician and philosopher known for Pascal\u2019s Wager.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thomas_Bayes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Thomas Bayes<\/a>: Mathematician, originator of Bayes\u2019 Theorem.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/hume\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">David Hume<\/a>: Philosopher known for skepticism, challenged by Bayes regarding miracles.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_Maynard_Keynes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">John Maynard Keynes<\/a>: Economist, quoted on changing one\u2019s mind.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Constantine_the_Great\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Constantine<\/a>: Roman Emperor associated with Christianity\u2019s rise.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/socrates\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Socrates<\/a>: Ancient Greek philosopher, used as a comparison for Bohr\u2019s charisma.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Niels_Bohr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Niels Bohr<\/a>: Physicist, pioneer of quantum mechanics.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.achromatopsia.info\/knut-nordbys-story\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Knut Nordby<\/a>: Late neuroscientist, expert color scientist who was colorblind.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eugene_Wigner\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Eugene Wigner<\/a>: Nobel Prize-winning physicist who explored consciousness in quantum mechanics.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/William_Kingdon_Clifford\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">W.K. Clifford<\/a>: Mathematician and philosopher mentioned by William James regarding belief and evidence.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ahc.leeds.ac.uk\/philosophy\/staff\/3700\/dr-joanna-leidenhag\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Joanna Leidenhag<\/a>: Panpsychist theologian.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/plato\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Plato<\/a>: Ancient Greek philosopher.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Joe_Rogan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Joe Rogan<\/a>: Podcaster who interviewed Philip.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lukeroelofs.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Luke Roelofs<\/a>: Philosopher, panpsychist who believes everything is conscious.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uwo.ca\/philosophy\/people\/mendelovici.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Angela Mendonovici<\/a>: Philosopher mentioned as a secular panpsychist.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/heddahasselmorch.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hedda Hassel M\u00f8rch<\/a>: Philosopher mentioned as seeing consonance between Panpsychism and spirituality.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/philpeople.org\/profiles\/itay-shani\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Itai Shani<\/a>: Philosopher mentioned as seeing consonance between Panpsychism and spirituality.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/tim.blog\/2022\/04\/22\/a-j-jacobs-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A.J. Jacobs<\/a>: Author and journalist known for his immersive journalism and experiments in living.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.poetryfoundation.org\/poets\/hafez\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hafez<\/a>: Persian Sufi poet.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/poets.org\/poet\/jalal-al-din-rumi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Jalal al-Din Rumi<\/a>: Persian Sufi poet.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.halehliza.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Haleh Liza Gafori<\/a>: Performance artist, translator, vocalist, poet, and musician.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/davidbryceyaden.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">David Yaden<\/a>: Scientist, author of <em>The Varieties of Spiritual Experiences<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stanislas_Dehaene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Stanislas Dehaene<\/a>: Neuroscientist associated with Global Neuronal Workspace Theory.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Erwin_Schr%C3%B6dinger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Erwin Schr\u00f6dinger<\/a>: Physicist known for the Schr\u00f6dinger equation and thought experiment.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/frege\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Gottlieb Frege<\/a>: Logician and philosopher who worked with Russell.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/philpeople.org\/profiles\/kelvin-mcqueen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Kelvin McQueen<\/a>: Philosopher who explored consciousness\u2019s role in quantum mechanics with Chalmers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Concepts (Philosophy\/Religion\/Spirituality)<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/consciousness\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Consciousness<\/a>: Subjective experience, \u201cwhat it\u2019s like to be.\u201d Core topic.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/panpsychism\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Panpsychism<\/a>: Philosophical view that consciousness is fundamental and ubiquitous.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/mysticism\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mystical Experiences<\/a>: Experiences of unity, transcendence, deep insight.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iep.utm.edu\/animism\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Animism<\/a>: Belief system mentioned as distinct from Panpsychism.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/aeon.co\/essays\/cosmopsychism-explains-why-the-universe-is-fine-tuned-for-life\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cosmopsychism<\/a>: View that the universe itself is conscious.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/properties-emergent\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Emergent Property<\/a>: Idea that complexity arises from simplicity, contrasted with fundamental consciousness.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/physicalism\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Materialism<\/a>: Philosophical view that matter is fundamental.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/naturalism\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Fundamental Reality<\/a>: The basic level of existence.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Observer_(quantum_physics)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Observation (in Quantum Mechanics)<\/a>: Act of measurement, potentially linked to consciousness.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/qualia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Qualia<\/a>: The qualitative character of experience.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/consciousness\/#ExpGap\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Explanatory Gap<\/a>: Difficulty explaining subjective experience from physical processes.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Galileo%27s_Error\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Galileo\u2019s Error (Concept)<\/a>: Philip\u2019s idea about the exclusion of quality from science.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=pzPDGTJZKEw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Global Neuronal Workspace Theory (GNWT)<\/a>: A functional architecture that relates consciousness to cognitive abilities such as perception, attention, memory, and evaluation.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/ancient-soul\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Soul<\/a>: Immaterial essence, traditionally seat of consciousness.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/dualism\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Dualism<\/a>: Philosophical view of mind and matter as distinct.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/simplicity\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Occam\u2019s Razor<\/a>: Principle favoring simpler explanations.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/miracles\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Miracles<\/a>: Events attributed to supernatural intervention.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/platonism\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Platonic Heaven<\/a>: Metaphor for Plato\u2019s realm of Forms\/Numbers.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/panpsychism\/#CombProb\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Combination Problem<\/a>: Challenge for Panpsychism regarding combining simple consciousnesses.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bayes%27_theorem\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Bayes\u2019 Theorem<\/a>: A\u00a0mathematical rule for inverting conditional probabilities, allowing one to find the probability of a cause given its effect.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/pascal-wager\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pascal\u2019s Wager<\/a>: Argument for believing in God based on outcomes.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/james\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Will to Believe \/ The Right to Believe<\/a>: James\u2019s concept about belief beyond evidence.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/pragmatic-belief-god\/#:~:text=James%20contends%20that%20Clifford's%20Rule,arguments%20conclusively%20decide%20the%20issue.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Double-Standard (Epistemological)<\/a>: James\u2019 argument about trusting different types of experience.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/aeon.co\/essays\/why-our-universe-can-have-cosmic-purpose-without-god\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cosmic Purpose \/ Goal-Directedness<\/a>: Idea of inherent direction in the universe.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Teleology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Teleological Laws<\/a>: Hypothetical laws of nature incorporating purpose.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/mail.sevenpillarsinstitute.org\/glossary\/telos\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Telos<\/a>: Greek word for \u2018purpose\u2019 or \u2018goal.\u2019<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vox.com\/future-perfect\/2019\/4\/10\/18275618\/simulation-hypothesis-matrix-rizwan-virk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Simulation Hypothesis<\/a>: Are we living in a computer simulation?<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/tim.blog\/stoic\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Stoicism<\/a>: An ancient philosophy that teaches the development of self-control and fortitude as a means of overcoming destructive emotions.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/institute.global\/insights\/geopolitics-and-security\/what-sufism\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Sufism<\/a>: Islamic mysticism which, through belief and practice, helps Muslims attain nearness to Allah by way of direct personal experience of God.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epicureanism\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Epicureanism<\/a>: A\u00a0philosophical system founded by Epicurus, centers on the pursuit of pleasure and the absence of pain as the path to happiness<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.usccb.org\/eucharist\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Eucharist<\/a>: Christian sacrament.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/biblehub.com\/greek\/4102.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pistis<\/a>: Greek word for \u2018belief\u2019\/\u2019trust.\u2019<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trinitycoatesville.org\/sermons\/believe-love-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Belieben<\/a>: German word related to \u2018love\u2019\/\u2019believe.\u2019<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/heaven-hell\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Salvation<\/a>: Theological concept of deliverance.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.biblicalarchaeology.org\/daily\/archaeology-today\/archaeologists-biblical-scholars-works\/understanding-the-good-samaritan-parable\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Good Samaritan<\/a>: A biblical parable from Luke 10:29\u201337 that demonstrates the virtue of caring for even the most despised among us.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/free-rider\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Freeloader Problem<\/a>: Concept regarding group contribution.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Four_senses_of_Scripture\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Literal vs. Moral vs. Allegorical Meaning (Origen)<\/a>: Levels of scriptural interpretation.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=Matthew%2020%3A16&amp;version=KJV\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">First Shall Be Last, Last Shall Be First<\/a>: Biblical saying from Matthew 20:16.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.themarginalian.org\/2018\/06\/04\/william-james-varieties-consciousness\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The More (William James)<\/a>: Term for transcendent reality.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=Exodus%203&amp;version=KJV\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Burning Bush<\/a>: Biblical story from Exodus 3.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbr.com\/dune-lisan-al-gaib-prophecy-paul-atreides-explained\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Lisan al Gaib<\/a>: From Arabic \u2014 in <em>Dune<\/em>, this is the Fremen term for their offworld prophet or messiah.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Concepts (Science\/Math\/Psychology)<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/goedel-incompleteness\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">G\u00f6del\u2019s Incompleteness Theorems<\/a>: Mathematical theorems showing limits of provability in formal systems, with deep implications for mathematics and logic.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=6TY9qV_m33s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Predicate Logic<\/a>: A branch of formal logic incorporating quantifiers, variables, and predicates to express relationships and make inferences about objects.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/eyeofheaven.medium.com\/brain-cellular-microtubules-a-potential-mechanism-for-synthesising-concepts-of-consciousness-5f67cba1b339\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Microtubules<\/a>: Cellular structures in neurons\u2019 cytoskeleton proposed by some theorists to play a role in consciousness through quantum processes.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neural_correlates_of_consciousness\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Neural Correlates of Consciousness (NCC)<\/a>: The minimal neural systems sufficient for specific conscious experiences, forming a key research program in neuroscience.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Integrated_information_theory\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Integrated Information Theory (IIT)<\/a>: Scientific theory proposing that consciousness emerges from complex integrated information systems in the brain.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iep.utm.edu\/integrated-information-theory-of-consciousness\/#H2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Phi<\/a>: Measure of integrated information used in IIT to quantify the amount of consciousness in a system.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Schr%C3%B6dinger_equation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Schr\u00f6dinger Equation<\/a>: Fundamental equation in quantum mechanics describing how quantum states evolve over time.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=UjaAxUO6-Uw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Schr\u00f6dinger\u2019s Cat<\/a>: Schr\u00f6dinger\u2019s famous thought experiment in quantum mechanics that is simultaneously kind and unkind to a feline frenemy.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=IHDMJqJHCQg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Superposition<\/a>: Quantum mechanical principle where particles exist in multiple states simultaneously until measured.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=VHlqY44fOg0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Born Rule<\/a>: Fundamental rule in quantum mechanics that determines probability distributions of measurement outcomes.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/General_relativity\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">General Relativity<\/a>: The geometric theory of gravitation published by Albert Einstein in 1915.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cosmological_constant\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cosmological Constant<\/a>: The simplest possible explanation for dark energy, used in the standard model of cosmology known as the ?CDM model.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Monoamine_oxidase_inhibitor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">MAOIs (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors)<\/a>: Class of chemicals that inhibit monoamine oxidase enzymes, used in antidepressants and found in ayahuasca.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Movies<\/h3>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Institutions and Organizations<\/h3>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Events<\/h3>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Relevant Resources<\/h3>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">SHOW NOTES<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>[00:00:00] Start.<\/li>\n<li>[00:06:24] What is panpsychism?<\/li>\n<li>[00:11:19] Common misunderstandings about panpsychism.<\/li>\n<li>[00:16:08] Roger Penrose and quantum consciousness.<\/li>\n<li>[00:17:26] G\u00f6del\u2019s incompleteness theorem.<\/li>\n<li>[00:19:22] The challenges of scientific consensus on consciousness.<\/li>\n<li>[00:21:35] Integrated Information Theory (IIT).<\/li>\n<li>[00:27:17] What early quantum pioneers like Max Planck and Niels Bohr thought about consciousness.<\/li>\n<li>[00:33:15] Defining consciousness and qualia.<\/li>\n<li>[00:35:41] Galileo\u2019s Error: How science removed consciousness from study.<\/li>\n<li>[00:41:03] Materialist vs. panpsychist.<\/li>\n<li>[00:43:30] The neuroanatomical seat of consciousness debate.<\/li>\n<li>[00:45:41] Scientific challenges around the public observation of consciousness.<\/li>\n<li>[00:50:35] Exploring potential payoffs and ethical considerations of figuring out consciousness.<\/li>\n<li>[00:57:01] How <em>virtual<\/em> reality reminded Philip to appreciate <em>ordinary<\/em> reality.<\/li>\n<li>[01:00:31] Bertrand Russell and William James as philosophical heroes.<\/li>\n<li>[01:02:05] Science seems mum on the matter of matter.<\/li>\n<li>[01:06:53] William James and mystical experiences.<\/li>\n<li>[01:09:20] Philip\u2019s journey as a \u201cheretical Christian.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>[01:19:23] Why Philip left Christianity at age 14.<\/li>\n<li>[01:20:20] Rediscovering mystical traditions within Christianity.<\/li>\n<li>[01:31:41] Karen Armstrong on the modern corruption of religious belief.<\/li>\n<li>[01:33:56] Is true belief a prerequisite for building a community through religion and enjoying its therapeutic benefits?<\/li>\n<li>[01:48:40] Psychedelics and numinous experiences.<\/li>\n<li>[01:51:36] Sufism and mystical poetry.<\/li>\n<li>[01:56:10] Renaming traditional religious terms for broader accessibility.<\/li>\n<li>[02:01:09] The potential resurgence of religion and new spiritual movements.<\/li>\n<li>[02:05:42] Philip\u2019s billboard.<\/li>\n<li>[02:08:36] Parting thoughts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">MORE PHILIP GOFF QUOTES FROM THE INTERVIEW<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u201cPanpsychism is the view that consciousness goes all the way down to the fundamental building blocks of reality.\u201d<\/strong><br \/>\u2014\u00a0Philip Goff<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u201cDon\u2019t start from \u2018What do I want?\u2019 Start from \u2018How can I contribute?\u2019 I think happiness flows from that.\u201d<\/strong><br \/>\u2014\u00a0Philip Goff<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u201cThe way the word \u2018consciousness\u2019 is standardly used, I think in both science and philosophy, it just means subjective experience. Your consciousness is just what it\u2019s like to be you.\u201d<\/strong><br \/>\u2014\u00a0Philip Goff<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u201cI\u2019m not here saying, \u2018Oh, this is the one true faith you\u2019ve got to believe.\u2019 \u2026 I\u2019m interested in different experiments in living, and I think there\u2019s a way of engaging religion that perhaps not everyone is fully aware of.\u201d<\/strong><br \/>\u2014\u00a0Philip Goff<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u201cPhysical science doesn\u2019t really tell us what matter is\u2026 ultimately at base physics just gives us mathematical structure. And so in a sense, physics doesn\u2019t care what matter is, it doesn\u2019t care what physical reality is, it just cares what its mathematical structure is.\u201d<\/strong><br \/>\u2014\u00a0Philip Goff<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u201cWe don\u2019t know if we can get consciousness out of physics, but we know we can get physics out of consciousness.\u201d<\/strong><br \/>\u2014\u00a0Philip Goff<\/p>\n<p><strong>(On the integrated information theory [IIT]) \u201cThe proposal is that at the exact moment when a system has more integrated information in the whole than in the parts, that\u2019s when the lights come on. That\u2019s when you get consciousness.\u201d<\/strong><br \/>\u2014\u00a0Philip Goff<\/p>\n<p><h3 class=\"jp-relatedposts-headline\"><em>Related<\/em><\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><em><a href=\"https:\/\/tim.blog\/podcast\"><strong>The Tim Ferriss Show<\/strong><\/a> <\/em><span>is one <\/span>of the most popular podcasts in the world with more than one billion downloads. It has been selected for &#8220;Best of Apple Podcasts&#8221; three times, it is often the #1 interview podcast across all of Apple Podcasts, and it&#8217;s been ranked #1 out of 400,000+ podcasts on many occasions. To listen to any of the past episodes for free, check out <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/tim.blog\/podcast\">this page<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><script async src=\"\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><br \/>\n<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/hop.clickbank.net\/?affiliate=infohatch&amp;vendor=J1R2C\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10614 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/profit-gen400px.png\" alt=\"Profit Gen\" width=\"400\" height=\"217\" srcset=\"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/profit-gen400px.png 400w, http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/profit-gen400px-300x163.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><br \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cPanpsychism is the view that consciousness goes all the way down to the fundamental building blocks of reality.\u201d\u2014\u00a0Philip Goff Philip Goff (@Philip_Goff) is a professor [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10453,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10452","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-growth"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10452","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10452"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10452\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10453"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10452"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10452"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10452"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}