{"id":887,"date":"2023-01-23T15:38:48","date_gmt":"2023-01-23T19:38:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/how-the-victorian-visionary-marianne-north-revolutionized-art-and-science-with-her-botanical-paintings-the-marginalian\/"},"modified":"2023-01-23T15:38:48","modified_gmt":"2023-01-23T19:38:48","slug":"how-the-victorian-visionary-marianne-north-revolutionized-art-and-science-with-her-botanical-paintings-the-marginalian","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/how-the-victorian-visionary-marianne-north-revolutionized-art-and-science-with-her-botanical-paintings-the-marginalian\/","title":{"rendered":"How the Victorian Visionary Marianne North Revolutionized Art and Science with Her Botanical Paintings \u2013 The Marginalian"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/hop.clickbank.net\/?affiliate=infohatch&amp;vendor=J1R2C\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10614 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/profit-gen400px.png\" alt=\"Profit Gen\" width=\"400\" height=\"217\" srcset=\"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/profit-gen400px.png 400w, http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/profit-gen400px-300x163.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div>\n<p><strong>Marianne North<\/strong> (October 24, 1830\u2013August 30, 1890) was twenty-six and had just lost her mother to a long tortuous illness when her father took her to an oasis of wonder in the heart of London \u2014 Kew Gardens, one of the most biodiverse places on Earth: a lush affirmation of life bustling with life-forms beyond the wildest imagination. In the majestic half-acre glass-and-iron palm house full of tropical plants, Marianne found a portal to another world. She fell under the spell of the exotic red <em>Amherstia nobilis<\/em> \u2014 \u201cone of the grandest flowers in existence,\u201d which made her \u201clong to see the tropics,\u201d she would recall a lifetime later, having obeyed the siren song of that longing and made of it a revolution. <\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_79595\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"855\" class=\"size-full wp-image-79595 jetpack-lazy-image\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew10.jpg?resize=680%2C855&amp;is-pending-load=1#038;ssl=1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.themarginalian.org\/data:image\/gif;base64,https:\/\/www.themarginalian.org\/R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\"\/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" data-lazy-fallback=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew10.jpg?resize=680%2C855&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"855\" class=\"size-full wp-image-79595\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"\/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Amherstia nobilis<\/em>, Singapore, 1876. (\u00a9 RBG Kew)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Over the next three decades, Marianne North would defy the central conventions of her era \u2014 an era in which women were expected to marry, were neither permitted nor practically able to travel alone, had access to no formal education in either art or science, and were excluded from scientific and artistic societies. She would go on to traverse the world, painting the living world she saw. Enduring storms and snakes, typhus and broken bones, unimaginable heat and long stretches without access to clean drinking water, she visited Egypt and South Africa, Borneo and Sicily, India and California, Chile and Australia, immortalizing nearly a thousand plants \u2014 plants the vast majority of our species had never seen and would never see with their own eyes, plants new to most botanists, and even some plants never before seen. <\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_79600\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"932\" class=\"size-full wp-image-79600 jetpack-lazy-image\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_SouthAfrica.jpg?w=1490&amp;ssl=1 1490w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_SouthAfrica.jpg?resize=320%2C439&amp;ssl=1 320w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_SouthAfrica.jpg?resize=600%2C822&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_SouthAfrica.jpg?resize=240%2C329&amp;ssl=1 240w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_SouthAfrica.jpg?resize=768%2C1053&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_SouthAfrica.jpg?resize=1121%2C1536&amp;ssl=1 1121w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_SouthAfrica.jpg?w=1360&amp;ssl=1 1360w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_SouthAfrica.jpg?resize=680%2C932&amp;is-pending-load=1#038;ssl=1\"\/><noscript><img data-lazy-fallback=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_SouthAfrica.jpg?resize=680%2C932&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"932\" class=\"size-full wp-image-79600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_SouthAfrica.jpg?w=1490&amp;ssl=1 1490w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_SouthAfrica.jpg?resize=320%2C439&amp;ssl=1 320w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_SouthAfrica.jpg?resize=600%2C822&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_SouthAfrica.jpg?resize=240%2C329&amp;ssl=1 240w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_SouthAfrica.jpg?resize=768%2C1053&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_SouthAfrica.jpg?resize=1121%2C1536&amp;ssl=1 1121w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_SouthAfrica.jpg?w=1360&amp;ssl=1 1360w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"\/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marianne North in South Africa, 1883.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_79591\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"475\" class=\"size-full wp-image-79591 jetpack-lazy-image\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew8.jpg?w=1810&amp;ssl=1 1810w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew8.jpg?resize=320%2C223&amp;ssl=1 320w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew8.jpg?resize=600%2C419&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew8.jpg?resize=240%2C168&amp;ssl=1 240w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew8.jpg?resize=768%2C536&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew8.jpg?resize=1536%2C1073&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew8.jpg?w=1360&amp;ssl=1 1360w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew8.jpg?resize=680%2C475&amp;is-pending-load=1#038;ssl=1\"\/><noscript><img data-lazy-fallback=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew8.jpg?resize=680%2C475&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"475\" class=\"size-full wp-image-79591\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew8.jpg?w=1810&amp;ssl=1 1810w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew8.jpg?resize=320%2C223&amp;ssl=1 320w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew8.jpg?resize=600%2C419&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew8.jpg?resize=240%2C168&amp;ssl=1 240w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew8.jpg?resize=768%2C536&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew8.jpg?resize=1536%2C1073&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew8.jpg?w=1360&amp;ssl=1 1360w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"\/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Nymphaea stellata<\/em>, South Africa. (\u00a9 RBG Kew)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>She painted unlike any other botanical artist of her time. Rather than isolated specimens rendered in pencil or watercolor, her plants came alive in oil amid the integrated context of their native ecosystems. In an era before photography was a portable instrument of science, the precision of her paintings and their transportive power twined to make for a revolution in both botany and fine art. Enchanted by her work, Francis Galton and Charles Darwin came to see her as a peer and soon became close friends. <\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_79596\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"846\" class=\"size-full wp-image-79596 jetpack-lazy-image\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew11.jpg?resize=680%2C846&amp;is-pending-load=1#038;ssl=1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.themarginalian.org\/data:image\/gif;base64,https:\/\/www.themarginalian.org\/R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\"\/><noscript><img data-lazy-fallback=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew11.jpg?resize=680%2C846&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"846\" class=\"size-full wp-image-79596\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"\/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Night-flowering lily and ferns, Jamaica. (\u00a9 RBG Kew)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Marianne\u2019s first great creative love was not art but music \u2014 she trained to be a vocalist, but when her sonorous contralto voice broke and broke her dreams along with it, she found an alternate portal to beauty in painting, widened with wonder by her passion for plants. Her father, who never remarried, was the great champion and comrade of her calling. At their home in Hastings, he built three small greenhouses and populated them with exotic plants that sang to the young Marianne\u2019s imagination as she tended to them alongside her father. \u201cHe was from first to last the one idol and friend of my life,\u201d she would later recall, \u201cand apart from him, I had little pleasure and no secrets.\u201d She vowed never to leave his side. <\/p>\n<p>After her sister married, father and daughter set out to travel Europe and the Middle East together, sharing a lively and generous curiosity in how other cultures live and what other lands are lush with. Taken with this \u201cnever-ending series of wonders,\u201d Marianne captured what she saw in delicate and detailed watercolors.<\/p>\n<p>In 1868, a new vista of the imagination burst open when Marianne, almost entirely self-taught, received her first lesson in oil painting from one of Australia\u2019s most esteemed artists. She found it wildly addictive \u2014 \u201ca vice, like dram-drinking, almost impossible to leave off once it gets possession of one.\u201d It was also a revelation for botanical art, because oil preserves pigment perfectly, whereas the traditionally used watercolor fades and yellows with time. <\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_79594\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"472\" class=\"size-full wp-image-79594 jetpack-lazy-image\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew12.jpg?resize=680%2C472&amp;is-pending-load=1#038;ssl=1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.themarginalian.org\/data:image\/gif;base64,https:\/\/www.themarginalian.org\/R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\"\/><noscript><img data-lazy-fallback=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew12.jpg?resize=680%2C472&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"472\" class=\"size-full wp-image-79594\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"\/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Water lily (<em>Nymphaea lotus<\/em>), India. (\u00a9 RBG Kew)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>But only a year after this creative awakening, Marianne was struck by the greatest loss of her life \u2014 her father went to sleep and never again awoke. She was overcome by a profound existential loneliness, feeling as though she had been left entirely alone in the world. She would never cease grieving him. \u201cI have no love to give you or anyone \u2014 it is all gone with him,\u201d she would tell a suitor years later. <\/p>\n<p>Just like her contemporary Ernst Haeckel, who <a href=\"https:\/\/www.themarginalian.org\/2022\/02\/04\/universe-in-verse-bloom\/\">coined the word <em>ecology<\/em><\/a> while <a href=\"https:\/\/www.themarginalian.org\/2020\/03\/26\/ernst-haeckel-medusae\/\">turning his personal tragedy into transcendent art for science<\/a>, Marianne leaned on the only consolation she knew \u2014 nature\u2019s steadfast beauty and the fragile, tenacious wonder of plants. She left Hastings forever and set out to visit all the lands that had enraptured her imagination ever since that long-ago visit to Kew Gardens with her father. She never married \u2014 wonder became her primary relationship.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_79590\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"310\" class=\"size-full wp-image-79590 jetpack-lazy-image\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew9.jpg?w=2045&amp;ssl=1 2045w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew9.jpg?resize=320%2C146&amp;ssl=1 320w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew9.jpg?resize=600%2C273&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew9.jpg?resize=240%2C109&amp;ssl=1 240w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew9.jpg?resize=768%2C350&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew9.jpg?resize=1536%2C699&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew9.jpg?w=1360&amp;ssl=1 1360w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew9.jpg?resize=680%2C310&amp;is-pending-load=1#038;ssl=1\"\/><noscript><img data-lazy-fallback=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew9.jpg?resize=680%2C310&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"310\" class=\"size-full wp-image-79590\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew9.jpg?w=2045&amp;ssl=1 2045w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew9.jpg?resize=320%2C146&amp;ssl=1 320w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew9.jpg?resize=600%2C273&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew9.jpg?resize=240%2C109&amp;ssl=1 240w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew9.jpg?resize=768%2C350&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew9.jpg?resize=1536%2C699&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew9.jpg?w=1360&amp;ssl=1 1360w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"\/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mount Fujiyama framed by wisteria, Japan. (\u00a9 RBG Kew)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>She traveled to America first, determined to capture its \u201cnatural abundant luxuriance,\u201d and was awed by the redwoods of California, making an impassioned and prescient plea to save them from destruction. Epochs ahead of the modern environmental movement, a century before Rachel Carson cautioned that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.themarginalian.org\/2017\/02\/08\/rachel-carson-washington-post-letter-1953\/\">\u201cthe real wealth of the Nation lies in the resources of the earth \u2014 soil, water, forests, minerals, and wildlife,\u201d<\/a> Marianne North sorrowed to see the quarrying and chemicalizing of nature:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>It broke one\u2019s heart to think of man, the civiliser, wasting treasures in a few years to which savages and animals had done no harm for centuries.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>On Christmas Eve 1871, she arrived in Jamaica \u2014 the portal into the tropics of her dreams. She found herself wonder-smitten by the majestic palms \u2014 some of Earth\u2019s most ancient tree species, and some of the most otherworldly. She also found herself \u201calone and friendless.\u201d But everywhere she went, Marianne seemed to attract kindness and sympathy with the sincerity of her pursuit \u2014 almost immediately \u201ca young Cuban engineer appeared from the moon or elsewhere,\u201d helped her with her boat, and shepherded her to her next destination, where she was met with more friendliness from strangers. Even so, her days were mostly solitary, but filled with wonder. \u201cI was in a state of ecstasy and hardly knew what to paint first,\u201d she wrote in her diaries, collected in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Abundant-Beauty-Adventurous-Marianne-Botanical\/dp\/1553655419\/?tag=braipick-20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><em>Abundant Beauty: The Adventurous Travels of Marianne North, Botanical Artist<\/em><\/strong><\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/title\/495088691?oclcNum=495088691\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>public library<\/em><\/a>).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_79598\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"615\" class=\"size-full wp-image-79598 jetpack-lazy-image\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew2.jpg?w=2048&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew2.jpg?resize=320%2C290&amp;ssl=1 320w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew2.jpg?resize=600%2C543&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew2.jpg?resize=240%2C217&amp;ssl=1 240w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew2.jpg?resize=768%2C695&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew2.jpg?resize=1536%2C1390&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew2.jpg?w=1360&amp;ssl=1 1360w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew2.jpg?resize=680%2C615&amp;is-pending-load=1#038;ssl=1\"\/><noscript><img data-lazy-fallback=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew2.jpg?resize=680%2C615&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"615\" class=\"size-full wp-image-79598\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew2.jpg?w=2048&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew2.jpg?resize=320%2C290&amp;ssl=1 320w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew2.jpg?resize=600%2C543&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew2.jpg?resize=240%2C217&amp;ssl=1 240w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew2.jpg?resize=768%2C695&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew2.jpg?resize=1536%2C1390&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew2.jpg?w=1360&amp;ssl=1 1360w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"\/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cocoa tree (<em>Theobroma Cacao<\/em>), 1867. (\u00a9 RBG Kew)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>For a year, she lived in hut in the heart of the Brazilian rainforest, painting incessantly amid \u201call these wonders seeming to taunt us mortals for trespassing on fairies\u2019 grounds, and to tell us they were unapproachable.\u201d Assaulted by armies of Earth\u2019s most bloodthirsty ticks, she found them \u201cworth bearing for the sake of the many wonders and enjoyments of the life I was leading in that quiet forest-nook\u201d \u2014 a life that was for her \u201ca series of wonders and endless beauties,\u201d to be savored and celebrated in paint.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_79599\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"399\" class=\"size-full wp-image-79599 jetpack-lazy-image\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew1.jpg?w=1948&amp;ssl=1 1948w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew1.jpg?resize=320%2C188&amp;ssl=1 320w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew1.jpg?resize=600%2C352&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew1.jpg?resize=240%2C141&amp;ssl=1 240w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew1.jpg?resize=768%2C451&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew1.jpg?resize=1536%2C902&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew1.jpg?w=1360&amp;ssl=1 1360w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew1.jpg?resize=680%2C399&amp;is-pending-load=1#038;ssl=1\"\/><noscript><img data-lazy-fallback=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew1.jpg?resize=680%2C399&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"399\" class=\"size-full wp-image-79599\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew1.jpg?w=1948&amp;ssl=1 1948w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew1.jpg?resize=320%2C188&amp;ssl=1 320w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew1.jpg?resize=600%2C352&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew1.jpg?resize=240%2C141&amp;ssl=1 240w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew1.jpg?resize=768%2C451&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew1.jpg?resize=1536%2C902&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew1.jpg?w=1360&amp;ssl=1 1360w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"\/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Old banyan trees, Java. (\u00a9 RBG Kew)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_79593\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"894\" class=\"size-full wp-image-79593 jetpack-lazy-image\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew7.jpg?w=1390&amp;ssl=1 1390w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew7.jpg?resize=320%2C421&amp;ssl=1 320w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew7.jpg?resize=600%2C789&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew7.jpg?resize=240%2C316&amp;ssl=1 240w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew7.jpg?resize=768%2C1010&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew7.jpg?resize=1168%2C1536&amp;ssl=1 1168w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew7.jpg?resize=680%2C894&amp;is-pending-load=1#038;ssl=1\"\/><noscript><img data-lazy-fallback=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew7.jpg?resize=680%2C894&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"894\" class=\"size-full wp-image-79593\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew7.jpg?w=1390&amp;ssl=1 1390w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew7.jpg?resize=320%2C421&amp;ssl=1 320w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew7.jpg?resize=600%2C789&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew7.jpg?resize=240%2C316&amp;ssl=1 240w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew7.jpg?resize=768%2C1010&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew7.jpg?resize=1168%2C1536&amp;ssl=1 1168w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"\/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sacred lotus (<em>Nelumbium speciosum<\/em>), Java. (\u00a9 RBG Kew)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>In Java, she found \u201ca perfect world of wonders.\u201d Her passionate curiosity and amiable humor were always at her side:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>The lycopodiums were in great beauty there, particularly those tinted with metallic blue or copper colour; and there were great<br \/>metallic arums with leaves two feet long, graceful trees over the streams with scarlet bark all hanging in tatters, and such huge black apes! One of these watched and followed us a long while, seeming to be as curious about us as we were about him. When we stopped he stopped, staring with all his might at us from behind some branch or tree-trunk; but I had the best of that game, for I possessed an opera-glass and he didn\u2019t, so could not probably realise the whole of our white ugliness.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Everywhere she went, she walked for hours into the wilderness, often without companions. \u201cEvery day\u2019s ramble showed me fresh wonders,\u201d she wrote in what may be the single best summation of her life, and of any life well lived. <\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_79592\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"905\" class=\"size-full wp-image-79592 jetpack-lazy-image\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_JuliaMargaretCameron.jpg?w=1506&amp;ssl=1 1506w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_JuliaMargaretCameron.jpg?resize=320%2C426&amp;ssl=1 320w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_JuliaMargaretCameron.jpg?resize=600%2C798&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_JuliaMargaretCameron.jpg?resize=240%2C319&amp;ssl=1 240w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_JuliaMargaretCameron.jpg?resize=768%2C1022&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_JuliaMargaretCameron.jpg?resize=1154%2C1536&amp;ssl=1 1154w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_JuliaMargaretCameron.jpg?w=1360&amp;ssl=1 1360w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_JuliaMargaretCameron.jpg?resize=680%2C905&amp;is-pending-load=1#038;ssl=1\"\/><noscript><img data-lazy-fallback=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_JuliaMargaretCameron.jpg?resize=680%2C905&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"905\" class=\"size-full wp-image-79592\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_JuliaMargaretCameron.jpg?w=1506&amp;ssl=1 1506w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_JuliaMargaretCameron.jpg?resize=320%2C426&amp;ssl=1 320w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_JuliaMargaretCameron.jpg?resize=600%2C798&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_JuliaMargaretCameron.jpg?resize=240%2C319&amp;ssl=1 240w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_JuliaMargaretCameron.jpg?resize=768%2C1022&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_JuliaMargaretCameron.jpg?resize=1154%2C1536&amp;ssl=1 1154w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_JuliaMargaretCameron.jpg?w=1360&amp;ssl=1 1360w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"\/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marianne North by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.themarginalian.org\/2019\/04\/03\/virginia-woolf-julia-margaret-cameron-photography\/\">Julia Margaret Cameron<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>When Marianne finally returned to England after many years of rambles, she wrote to Sir Joseph Hooker \u2014 the founding father of geographical botany, Darwin\u2019s closest friend, and the longtime director of Kew Gardens \u2014 and offered to donate her paintings, by then numbering several hundred and featuring plants wholly alien to European eyes. Hooker heartily agreed and a dedicated gallery for her work was built at Kew Gardens, which Marianne herself funded and helped design. <\/p>\n<p>With her health failing, Marianne began composing an account of her extraordinary life, entrusting the manuscript to Hooker, by then her oldest friend. It was posthumously published as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Recollections-Happy-Life-Autobiography-Marianne\/dp\/1375609327\/?tag=braipick-20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><em>Recollections of a Happy Life<\/em><\/strong><\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/title\/27429762\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>public library<\/em><\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/recollectionsofh01nortuoft\/page\/n16\/mode\/1up\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>public domain<\/em><\/a>). <\/p>\n<p>Today, several exotic plant species bear her name \u2014 including <em>Nepenthes northiana<\/em> (the tropical pitcher plant that was her greatest botanical infatuation), <em>Areca northiana<\/em> (a palm), <em>Crinum northianum<\/em> (also known as Seashore Lily or Asiatic Poison Lily), <em>Kniphofia northiae<\/em> (the vibrant red-hot poker beloved by gardeners), and <em>Chassalia northiana<\/em> (a blue-berried tropical plant only named in 2021) \u2014 as well as the entire genus <em>Northia<\/em>, containing some of Earth\u2019s most ravishing flowering plants and so named by Hooker himself. <\/p>\n<p>To this day, the North Gallery at Kew Gardens remains the only permanent solo exhibition by a woman in Great Britain. <\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_79597\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"985\" class=\"size-full wp-image-79597 jetpack-lazy-image\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew3.jpg?w=1241&amp;ssl=1 1241w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew3.jpg?resize=320%2C463&amp;ssl=1 320w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew3.jpg?resize=600%2C869&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew3.jpg?resize=240%2C348&amp;ssl=1 240w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew3.jpg?resize=768%2C1112&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew3.jpg?resize=1061%2C1536&amp;ssl=1 1061w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew3.jpg?resize=680%2C985&amp;is-pending-load=1#038;ssl=1\"\/><noscript><img data-lazy-fallback=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew3.jpg?resize=680%2C985&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"985\" class=\"size-full wp-image-79597\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew3.jpg?w=1241&amp;ssl=1 1241w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew3.jpg?resize=320%2C463&amp;ssl=1 320w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew3.jpg?resize=600%2C869&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew3.jpg?resize=240%2C348&amp;ssl=1 240w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew3.jpg?resize=768%2C1112&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MarianneNorth_Kew3.jpg?resize=1061%2C1536&amp;ssl=1 1061w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"\/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Nepenthes northiana<\/em> \u2014 a pitcher plant native to Borneo. (\u00a9 RBG Kew)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Complement with the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.themarginalian.org\/2022\/04\/24\/clarissa-munger-badger-flowers\/\">stunning botanical paintings<\/a> of the artist and poet Clarissa Munger Badger, who inspired Emily Dickinson, and this <a href=\"https:\/\/www.themarginalian.org\/2022\/11\/07\/the-temple-of-flora-thornton\/\">sensuous botanical art<\/a> inspired by the scandalous scientific poetry of Darwin\u2019s grandfather, which popularized the Linnaean classification system of nature, then savor the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.themarginalian.org\/2022\/01\/14\/else-bostelmann\/\">wondrous work<\/a> of North\u2019s marine counterpart \u2014 the scientific artist Else Bostelmann, who brought the submarine wonderland to human eyes. <\/p>\n<p class=\"via\"><em>HT <a href=\"https:\/\/mastodon.social\/@Sheril\/109721261779172100\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sheril Kirshenbaum<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/hop.clickbank.net\/?affiliate=infohatch&amp;vendor=J1R2C\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10614 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/profit-gen400px.png\" alt=\"Profit Gen\" width=\"400\" height=\"217\" srcset=\"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/profit-gen400px.png 400w, http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/profit-gen400px-300x163.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><br \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Marianne North (October 24, 1830\u2013August 30, 1890) was twenty-six and had just lost her mother to a long tortuous illness when her father took her [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":888,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-887","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-purpose"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/887","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=887"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/887\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/888"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=887"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=887"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=887"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}