{"id":4416,"date":"2023-10-05T03:29:29","date_gmt":"2023-10-05T07:29:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/octavio-paz-on-freedom-the-marginalian\/"},"modified":"2023-10-05T03:29:29","modified_gmt":"2023-10-05T07:29:29","slug":"octavio-paz-on-freedom-the-marginalian","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/octavio-paz-on-freedom-the-marginalian\/","title":{"rendered":"Octavio Paz on Freedom \u2013 The Marginalian"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/hop.clickbank.net\/?affiliate=infohatch&amp;vendor=J1R2C\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10614 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/profit-gen400px.png\" alt=\"Profit Gen\" width=\"400\" height=\"217\" srcset=\"https:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/profit-gen400px.png 400w, https:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/profit-gen400px-300x163.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Double-Flame-Love-Eroticism\/dp\/0151001030\/?tag=braipick-20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"320\" height=\"446\" class=\"cover with-border alignright size-medium jetpack-lazy-image\" alt=\"Octavio Paz on Freedom\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/paz_thedoubleflame.jpg?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/paz_thedoubleflame.jpg?resize=320%2C446&amp;ssl=1 320w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/paz_thedoubleflame.jpg?resize=600%2C836&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/paz_thedoubleflame.jpg?resize=240%2C334&amp;ssl=1 240w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/paz_thedoubleflame.jpg?resize=768%2C1069&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/paz_thedoubleflame.jpg?resize=1103%2C1536&amp;ssl=1 1103w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/paz_thedoubleflame.jpg?fit=320%2C446&amp;ssl=1&amp;is-pending-load=1\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u201cNothing is more unbearable, once one has it, than freedom,\u201d James Baldwin admonished as he <a href=\"https:\/\/www.themarginalian.org\/2016\/05\/09\/james-baldwin-freedom\/\">considered how we imprison ourselves<\/a>, for he knew just how limited our freedom is and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.themarginalian.org\/2021\/06\/06\/james-baldwin-giovannis-room-love-choice\/\">how illusory our choices<\/a>. And yet we must move through the world with a feeling of freedom, necessary for our sense of agency, for making our existential helplessness bearable, for making our lives of consequence. More than that, freedom \u2014 the sense of it, no matter the fact of it \u2014 must be at the center of our being, if we are to be. Ursula K. Le Guin\u2019s understood this when she insisted that freedom <a href=\"https:\/\/www.themarginalian.org\/2016\/05\/06\/ursula-k-le-guin-freedom-oppression-storytelling\/\">\u201cmust remain a quality of the mind or spirit not dependent on circumstances, a gift of grace.\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n<p>That is what <strong>Octavio Paz<\/strong> (March 31, 1914\u2013April 19, 1998) explores throughout <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Double-Flame-Love-Eroticism\/dp\/0151001030\/?tag=braipick-20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><em>The Double Flame<\/em><\/strong><\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/worldcat.org\/title\/34989621\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>public library<\/em><\/a>) \u2014 his uncommonly insightful inquiry into love as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.themarginalian.org\/2023\/05\/04\/the-double-flame-octavio-paz-love\/\">\u201ca knot made of two intertwined freedoms,\u201d<\/a> at the center of which is his insistence that \u201cthere is an intimate, causal relation between love and freedom,\u201d that freedom is the fundamental necessity of being. <\/p>\n<p>And yet the entire premise is haunted by the abiding question of what place freedom can possibly have, as Paz himself recognizes, \u201cin a universe governed by immutable laws\u201d \u2014 the same disquieting question at the heart of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.themarginalian.org\/2023\/05\/13\/free-will-bbc\/\">the paradox of free will<\/a>. <\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_74455\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/society6.com\/product\/planetary-system-eclipse-of-the-sun-the-moon-the-zodiacal-light-meteoric-shower-by-levi-walter-yaggi-1887_framed-print?sku=s6-21917341p21a12v52a13v57?curator=brainpicker\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"452\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-74462 jetpack-lazy-image\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/yaggi_astronomical_small.jpg?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/yaggi_astronomical_small.jpg?resize=320%2C213&amp;ssl=1 320w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/yaggi_astronomical_small.jpg?resize=600%2C399&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/yaggi_astronomical_small.jpg?resize=240%2C160&amp;ssl=1 240w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/yaggi_astronomical_small.jpg?resize=768%2C511&amp;ssl=1 768w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/yaggi_astronomical_small.jpg?resize=680%2C452&amp;is-pending-load=1#038;ssl=1\"\/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" data-lazy-fallback=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/yaggi_astronomical_small.jpg?resize=680%2C452&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"452\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-74462\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/yaggi_astronomical_small.jpg?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/yaggi_astronomical_small.jpg?resize=320%2C213&amp;ssl=1 320w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/yaggi_astronomical_small.jpg?resize=600%2C399&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/yaggi_astronomical_small.jpg?resize=240%2C160&amp;ssl=1 240w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/yaggi_astronomical_small.jpg?resize=768%2C511&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"\/><\/noscript><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Art by Levi Walter Yaggy from his <em>Geographical Portfolio<\/em>, 1887. (Available as <a href=\"https:\/\/society6.com\/product\/planetary-system-eclipse-of-the-sun-the-moon-the-zodiacal-light-meteoric-shower-by-levi-walter-yaggi-1887_framed-print?sku=s6-21917341p21a12v52a13v57?curator=brainpicker\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a print<\/a> and as <a href=\"https:\/\/society6.com\/brainpicker\/collection\/vintage-science-cards?curator=brainpicker\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">stationery cards<\/a>.)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Paz twists our existing assumptions into an ouroboros, intimating that the question itself is a prison of which we must break free in order to comprehend freedom:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Freedom is not an isolated concept nor can it be defined in isolation; it is permanently wedded to another concept without which it cannot exist \u2014 necessity. But necessity in turn is impossible without freedom: each exists only in opposition to the other. The Greek tragedians saw this with greater clarity than did the Greek philosophers. Since that time, theologians have not stopped arguing about predestination and free will.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Noting that modern scientists have returned to this concept, he considers Stephen Hawking\u2019s groundbreaking work on black holes and its consequent concept of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.themarginalian.org\/2020\/04\/23\/singularity-marie-howe-animated\/\">singularity<\/a>, which Paz shorthands as \u201can exception, a place within space-time where the laws of the universe cease to apply.\u201d Triangulating between what is, what can be, and what must be, he writes defiantly:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>An unthinkable, inconsistent idea. It resembles Kant\u2019s antinomies, which he regarded as insoluble. Nonetheless, black holes exist. In like manner, then, freedom exists. Knowing that we are setting forth a paradox, we may say that freedom is a dimension of necessity.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<figure id=\"attachment_72916\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/society6.com\/product\/art-by-dorothy-lathrop-for-down-adown-derry-by-walter-de-la-mare-19224642772_print?curator=brainpicker\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"801\" class=\"size-full wp-image-72916 jetpack-lazy-image\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/downadownderry_dorothylathrop17.jpg?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/downadownderry_dorothylathrop17.jpg?resize=320%2C377&amp;ssl=1 320w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/downadownderry_dorothylathrop17.jpg?resize=600%2C707&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/downadownderry_dorothylathrop17.jpg?resize=240%2C283&amp;ssl=1 240w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/downadownderry_dorothylathrop17.jpg?resize=768%2C905&amp;ssl=1 768w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/downadownderry_dorothylathrop17.jpg?resize=680%2C801&amp;is-pending-load=1#038;ssl=1\"\/><noscript><img data-lazy-fallback=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/downadownderry_dorothylathrop17.jpg?resize=680%2C801&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"801\" class=\"size-full wp-image-72916\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/downadownderry_dorothylathrop17.jpg?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/downadownderry_dorothylathrop17.jpg?resize=320%2C377&amp;ssl=1 320w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/downadownderry_dorothylathrop17.jpg?resize=600%2C707&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/downadownderry_dorothylathrop17.jpg?resize=240%2C283&amp;ssl=1 240w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themarginalian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/downadownderry_dorothylathrop17.jpg?resize=768%2C905&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"\/><\/noscript><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Art by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.themarginalian.org\/2021\/03\/09\/dorothy-lathrop-down-adown-derry\/\">Dorothy Lathrop<\/a>, 1922. (Available <a href=\"https:\/\/society6.com\/product\/art-by-dorothy-lathrop-for-down-adown-derry-by-walter-de-la-mare-19224642772_print?curator=brainpicker\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">as a print<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/society6.com\/product\/art-by-dorothy-lathrop-for-down-adown-derry-by-walter-de-la-mare-19224642772_cards?curator=brainpicker\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">as stationery cards<\/a>.)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>That we are both a function of the universe and its functionary makes all the more vivid our elemental need to feel free, without which we cannot function as human beings. Paz puts it succinctly:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Without freedom, what we call a person does not exist.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Complement with Toni Morrison on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.themarginalian.org\/2018\/09\/10\/toni-morrison-beloved-freedom\/\">the deepest meaning of freedom<\/a>, Iris Murdoch on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.themarginalian.org\/2022\/05\/28\/iris-murdoch-freedom\/\">the its five layers<\/a>, and Maya Angelou\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.themarginalian.org\/2013\/06\/14\/maya-angelou-bill-moyers-1973\/\">magnificent conversation with Bill Moyers<\/a> about it, then revisit Einstein on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.themarginalian.org\/2023\/02\/26\/einstein-free-will-imagination\/\">free will and the power of the imagination<\/a>. <\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/hop.clickbank.net\/?affiliate=infohatch&amp;vendor=J1R2C\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10614 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/profit-gen400px.png\" alt=\"Profit Gen\" width=\"400\" height=\"217\" srcset=\"https:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/profit-gen400px.png 400w, https:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/profit-gen400px-300x163.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><br \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cNothing is more unbearable, once one has it, than freedom,\u201d James Baldwin admonished as he considered how we imprison ourselves, for he knew just how [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1480,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-purpose"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4416","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4416"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4416\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1480"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4416"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4416"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/parmaks.com\/Resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4416"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}